Computer Science Research Group

Collaborative practices and approaches for sustainable digital transformation of the leather industry value chains (2025-2029, KK Foundation/Primus)
The project addresses challenges related to traceability and ethical data practices in the leather industry's global value chain. It investigates new digital approaches to enhance transparency and sustainability, focusing on secure data flows that enable collaborative action among suppliers and employees. Central elements include the development of a secure digital self-assessment tool for workers' conditions and an enriched digital product passport integrating social and environmental sustainability data. Contact: Livia Norström, Ulrika Lundh Snis, Andreas de Blanche, Lars Walter

Dipy-AI – DIKW pyramid-based agile AI architecture for sensor data processing (2024-2027, KK Foundation/Primus)
The project addresses challenges related to data assimilation, quality detection, and modular information extraction through DIPy-AI, an agile AI architecture based on the data-knowledge-information-wisdom (DIKW) pyramid, for processing sensor data in production environments. Contact: Amit Mishra, Rashid Ali, Thomas Pederson, Hakan Karasu.

AI-PROWIL – Application of AI to Production and Work Integrated Learning environments (National Science Foundation, 2024-2027)
This International Research Experiences for Students (IRES) program enables 18 US STEM IRES PhD students from Rochester Institute of Technology to experience research at University West, Sweden, under a convergent research theme focused on AI-enhanced automation, automatic control, and management for industry. Contact: Thomas Pederson, Rashid Ali, Fatiha Djebbar, Stanislav Belenki, Fredrik Danielsson.

European Cooperation in Science and Technology (EU e-Cost Actions)
CA22168 6G-PHYSEC Physical layer security for trustworthy and resilient 6G systems (2023-2027); CA22104 BEiNG-WISE Behavioral Next Generation in Wireless Networks for Cyber Security (2023-2027); CA20120 INTERACT Intelligence-Enabling Radio Communications for Seamless Inclusive Interactions (2021-2025). Contact: Ali Sodhro.

Exploration of hiring discrimination and possibilities for intervention through eye-tracking (2020-2024, Swedish Research Council)
The project investigates the mechanisms and processes of ethnic and racial discrimination in hiring using eye-tracking in combination with dialogue and surveys in an experimental setting. The project involves several universities and external partners. At University West we test advanced subtle visual guidance techniques to remove discrimination bias. Contact: Thomas Pederson.

DAG-CIG – A data-centric ecosystem to facilitate agile development of municipalities to meet climate change (2024, Vinnova)
The project 1) develops a methodology for municipalities to be able to use sensors and data to plan development work in an agile and informed way, 2) demonstrates the effectiveness of this workflow through a pilot project to be incorporated in the city of Trollhättan. Contact: Ann Svensson, Amit Mishra, Thomas Pederson, Daniel Sjölie.

Restart II – Operator guidance for machine error recovery through Artificial Intelligence and Augmented Reality (KK Foundation/Primus, 2022-2024)
In automated production processes, unplanned stops occur due to tool failure, material defects, unmanaged program situations or human interventions, etc. In this project a wearable system prototype will be developed with the aim of facilitating in particular the error diagnosis aspect of the recovery process through hands-on AR guidance tuned to the specific situation and skill level of the operator. Contact: Monika Hattinger, Thomas Pederson, Nicole Tobisková, Fredrik Danielsson, Amit Kumar Mishra.

1. Mohammad, A., Vergas, S., & Cemark, P. (2022). Using Blockchain for Data Collection in the Automotive Industry Sector: A Literature Review. Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy, 2(2), 257-275. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp2020014
2. Mohammad, A., & Vargas, S. (2022). Barriers Affecting Higher Education Institutions’ Adoption of Blockchain Technology: A Qualitative Study. Informatics, 9(3), 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics9030064
3. Mohammad, A. (2022). Distributed Authentication and Authorization Models in Cloud Computing Systems: A Literature Review. Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy, 2(1), 107-123. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcp2010008
4. Mohammad, A., & Pedersen, L. (2022). Analyzing the Use of Heuristics in a Virtual Reality Learning Context: A Literature Review. Informatics, 9(3), 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics9030051
5. Mohammad, A., & Sergio, V. (2022). Challenges of Using Blockchain in the Education Sector: A Literature Review. Applied Sciences, 12(13), 6380. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136380
6. Mohammad, A., Kollamana, J. M. (2024). Causes and Mitigation Practices of Requirement Volatility in Agile Software Development. Informatics, 11(1), 12.
7. Mohammad, A., Chirchir, B. (2024). Challenges of Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Software Project Planning: A Systematic Literature Review. Digital, 4(3), 555-571.
8. Mohammad, A., Abbas, Y. (2024). Key Challenges of Cloud Computing Resource Allocation in Small and Medium Enterprises. Digital, 4(2), 372-388.
9. Djebbar, F. Securing IoT Data Using Steganography: A Practical Implementation Approach. Electronics 2021, 10, 2707. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10212707
10. F. Djebbar and K. Nordström, "A Comparative Analysis of Industrial Cybersecurity Standards," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 85315-85332, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3303205.
11.  Anton Lindkvist, Eira Hoglund, F. Djebbar. Cybersecurity Practices, Challenges and Posture in Small and Medium Enterprises: A Survey-Study in Sweden. In 2025 European Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security.
12. Djebbar, F., Soares, A. (2025) An Overview and a Reflection of the Process and Product of Ph.D. Programs Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 6(1) https://doi.org/10.24834/jotl.6.1.1379
13. R. Ali and B. Bellalta, "A Federated Reinforcement Learning Framework for Link Activation in Multi-Link Wi-Fi Networks," 2023 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom), Istanbul, Turkiye, 2023, pp. 360-365 (DOI link).
14. Farhad A, Khan MI, Sodhro AH, Ehsan MK, Djebbar F. Machine Learning-Powered Malware Detection in Encrypted IoT Traffic. In 2025 IEEE 101st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2025-Spring) 2025 Jun 17 (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
15. Ali Hassan Sodhro, Muhammad Irfan Younas, et al, ‘5G Beyond for Healthcare: Leveraging AI/ML and Diverse Datasets for Cybersecurity’, NIKT 2024, Bergen 25-27, Norway, 2024.
16. Muhammad Usman Hashmi, Muntazir Hussain, Muhammad Khurram Ehsan, Ali Hassan Sodhro, Shahid Mumtaz, Qammer H. Abbasi, Wang Lei, ‘Concomitant Skew and Phase Correction (CSPC) for Industry 5.0 Enabler Pervasive Distributed Computing Systems’, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 70, No. 1, pp.1511-1518, 2024 [JCR Q1, IF=4.3].
17. Muhammad Irfan Younas, Muhammad Jawed Iqbal, Abdul Aziz, Ali Hassan Sodhro*, ’Toward QoS Monitoring in IoT Edge Devices Driven Healthcare-A Systematic Literature Review’, Sensors, Vol. 23, No. 21, pp.8885, 2023 [JCR Q1, IF=3.9].
18. Mcmurray, S. , Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘A Study on ML-Based Software Defect Detection for Security Traceability in Smart Healthcare Applications’, Sensors, Vol.23, No.7, pp.3470, 2023 [JCR Q1, IF=3.847].
19. Premkumar Chithaluru, Aman Singh, Jagjit Singh Dhatterwal, Ali Hassan Sodhro, Marwan Ali Albahar, Anca Jurcut, Ahmed Alkhayyat, 'An Optimized Privacy Information Exchange Schema for Explainable AI Empowered WiMAX-based IoT networks', Future Generation Computer Systems, Vol. 148, No. 2023, pp.225-239, 2023 [JCR Q1, IF= 7.307].
20. Muhammad Ul Saqlain Nawaz, Muhammad Khurram Ehsan,Asad Mahmood, Shahid Mumtaz, Ali Hassan Sodhro, Wali Ullah Khan, ‘Efficient Resource Prediction Framework for Software-defined Heterogeneous Radio Environmental Infrastructures’, Advanced Engineering Informatics, Vol.56, No. 2023, pp.101976, 2023 [JCR Q1, IF=7.862].
21. Ahmad Raza,Mohsin Ali, Muhammad Khurram Ehsan, Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘Spectrum Evaluation in CR-Based Smart Healthcare Systems Using Optimizable Tree Machine Learning Approach’,  Sensors,  Vol. 23, No. 17, pp.7456, 2023 [JCR Q1, IF=3.9].
22. Noman Zahid, Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘AI-driven adaptive reliable and sustainable approach for Internet of Things enabled healthcare system’, Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 3953-3971, 2022 [JCR Q2/Q3, IF=2.08].
23. Md.Milon Islam, Md.Zabirul Islam, Amanullah Asraf, Mabrook S. Al-Rakhami, Weiping Ding, Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘Diagnosis of COVID-19 from X-rays using Combined CNN-RNN Architecture with Transfer Learning’, BenchCouncil Transactions on Benchmarks, Standards and Evaluations, Vol. 2, No. 4,  pp.100088, 2022 [JCR Q1].
24. Ali Hassan Sodhro, Charlotte Sennersten, Awais Ahmad ‘Towards Cognitive Authentication for Smart Healthcare Applications, Sensors, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 2101, 2022 [JCR Q1, IF=3.576].
25. Ali Hassan Sodhro, Ali Ismail Awad, George Nikolakopoulos, Jaap Van de Beek, ‘Intelligent Authentication of 5G Healthcare Devices: A Survey’, Internet of Things-Engineering Cyber Physical Human Systems, Elsevier, Vol. 20, No. 2022, pp. 100610, 2022 [JCR Q1, IF=5.711].  
26. Abdullah Lakhan, Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘A Lightweight Secure Adaptive Approach for Internet-of-Medical-Things Healthcare Applications in Edge-Cloud-Based Networks’, Sensors MDPI, Vol. 22, No. 2022, pp.2379, 2022 [JCR Q1, IF=3.576].
27. Mazhar Ali Dootio, Abdullah Lakhan, Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘Secure and failure hybrid delay enabled a lightweight RPC and SHDS schemes in Industry 4.0 aware IIoHT enabled fog computing’, Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 513-536, 2022 [JCR Q2/Q3, IF=2.08]. 
28. Nawaz Ali Zardari, Razali Ngah, Omar Hayat, Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘Adaptive mobility-aware and reliable routing protocols for healthcare vehicular network’, Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 7, pp. 7156-7177, 2022 [JCR Q2/Q3, IF=2.08].
29. S. Hamid, N.Z.Bawany, Ali Hassan Sodhro, A. Lakhan, ‘A Systematic Review and IoMT Based Big Data Framework for COVID-19 Prevention and Detection’, Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 2022, pp. 2777, 2022 [JCR Q2, IF=2.690].
30. Munwar Ali, Low Tang Jung, Ali Hassan Sodhro, Asif Ali Laghari, ‘A Confidentiality-based data Classification-as-a-Service (C2aaS) for Cloud Security’, Alexandria Engineering Journal, Elsevier, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 749-760,  2022 [JCR Q1, IF=6.626].
31. Ali Hassan Sodhro, Noman Zahid, Lei Wang, ‘Towards ML-based Energy-Efficient Mechanism for 6G Enabled Industrial Network in Box Systems’, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Vol.17, No.10, pp.7185-7192, 2021 [JCR Q1, IF=8.480].
32. Ali Hassan Sodhro, Noman Zahid, ‘AI-Enabled Framework for Fog Computing Driven E-Healthcare Applications. Sensors, 2021, Vol. 21, No. 23, pp. 8039, 2021 [JCR Q1, IF=3.576].
33. Ali Hassan Sodhro, Sandeep Pirbhulal, Andrei Gurtov, Lei Wang  ‘Towards 5G-enabled Self Adaptive Green and Reliable Communication in Intelligent Transportation System’, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation System (T-ITS), Vol. 22, No.8, pp. 5223- 5231, 2021 [JCR Q1, IF=7.420].
34. Ali Hassan Sodhro, Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues, Sandeep Pirbhulal, Noman Zahid, Victor Hugo C. de Albuquerque, ‘Link Optimization in Software Defined IoV driven Autonomous Transportation System’, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation System (T-ITS), Vol.22, No.6, pp. 3511-3520, 2021 [JCR Q1, IF=7.420].
35. Ali Hassan Sodhro, Sandeep Pirbhulal, Khan Muhammad, ‘Towards 6G Architecture for Energy Efficient Communication in IoT-Enabled Smart Automation Systems’, IEEE Internet of Things  Journal, Vol.8, No.7, pp. 5141-5146, 2021 [JCR Q1, IF=9.936].
36. Shuaib K. Memon , Kashif Nisar , Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘A review on 802.11 MAC protocols industrial standards, architecture elements for providing QoS guarantee, supporting emergency traffic, and security: Future directions’,  Journal of Industrial Information Integration, Elsevier, Vol.24, No.2021, pp.100225, 2021 [JCR Q1, IF=10.615].
37. Hina Magsi, Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘A Novel Adaptive Battery-Aware Algorithm for Data Transmission in IoT-Based Healthcare Applications’, Electronics, MDPI, Vol.10, No.4, pp.367, 2021 [JCR Q2, IF=2.412].
38. Tom Bolton, Tooska Dargahi, Sana Belguith, Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘On the Security and Privacy Challenges of Virtual Assistants’, Sensors, Vol. 21, No. 7, pp.2312, 2021 [JCR Q1, IF=3.275]. 
39. Lakhan, Abdullah, Mazhar A. Dootio, Tor M. Groenli, Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘Multi-Layer Latency Aware Workload Assignment of E-Transport IoT Applications in Mobile Sensors Cloudlet Cloud Networks’, Electronics, Vol.10, No. 14, pp.1719, 2021 [JCR Q2, IF=2.397]. 
40. Abdullah Lakhan, Mazhar Ali Dootio, Ali Hassan Sodhro, ‘Cost-Efficient Service Selection and Execution and Blockchain-Enabled Serverless Network for Internet of Medical Things’, Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, Vol. 18, No.6, pp.7344-7362, 2021 [JCR Q2, IF=2.08].
41. Abdullah Lakhan, Jin Li , Ali Hassan Sodhro,  Nawaz Ali Zardari, ‘Dynamic Application Partitioning and TaskScheduling Secure Schemes for Bio-Sensors Healthcare Workload in Mobile Edge Cloud’, Electronics, Vol. 10, No. 22, pp. 2797, 2021 [JCR Q2, IF=2.397].
42. M. Hattinger, A. de Blanche, A. K. Olsson, L. Carlsson, U. Lundh Snis, K. Eriksson, S. Belenki, , “Reviewing human-centric themes in intelligent manufacturing research”, International Conference on Work Integrated Learning 2022, Trollhättan, Sweden, dec 7-9, 2022.
43. A. de Blanche, L. Carlsson, A. K. Olsson, K. Eriksson, S. Belenki, U. Lundh Snis, M. Hattinger, “Artificial and human aspects of Industry 4.0: an industrial work-integrated-learning research agenda”, VILÄR 2021 Conference (Abstract), University West, Trollhättan, Sweden, dec 9-10, 2021.
44. A. Loconsole, T. Lundqvist, I. Tano, A. de Blanche, “Comparing the CDIO educational framework with University West's WIL certification: do they complement each other?”, VILÄR 2021 Conference (Abstract), University West, Trollhättan, Sweden, dec 9-10, 2021.
45. Mishra AK and Brueggenwirth S, “New Methodologies for Understanding Radar Data”, October 2021 by The IET (ISBN: 978-1-83953-188-0).
46. Nissar M, Subudhi BN, Mishra AK, and Vinit J, “NICASU: Neurotransmitter Inspired Cognitive AI Architecture for Surveillance Underwater”, IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence, Nov 2024.
47. Puthal D, Sharma PK, Mishra AK, Yeun C, Longo A, and Mohanty S, “Decentralized Edge Intelligence: A Big Picture on Integrating Blockchain and Federated Learning for IoT Security”, IEEE Communications Standards Magazine (IF: ), October 2025. •Stern T, Mishra AK, and Keaveney J, “Latent Outlier Exposure in Real-Time Anomaly Detection at the Large Hadron Collider”, MDPI Computers, Feb. 2025 (IF: 4.2)
48. Petranovic K, Mishra AK, and Panic M, “An Information-Theoretic Review of SAR Speckle Filtering Algorithms”, IEEE Radar 2025 (Krakow, Poland).
49. Singh U, Mitra R, Mishra AK and Bhatia V, “Hyperparameter Free MEEF Based Adaptive Estimator for MIMO Radar”, IEEE Radar 2025 (Krakow, Poland).
50. Karasu H, Mishra AK, Rashid Ali, Sikström F, Kucukyavuz Y, and Machhammer M, “Blind Calibration of Pyrometers for Press Hardening Industries with Process-Driven Constraints”, 2025 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS).
51. Saghi N, Pidanic J, and Mishra AK, “Marine Debris Detection from Sentinel-2”, 2025 35th International Conference Radioelektronika (RADIOELEKTRONIKA), May 2025.
52.  White D, Jahangir M, Mishra AK, Baker C, and Antoniou M, “Latent Variable and Classification Performance Analysis of Bird-Drone Spectrograms with Elementary Autoencoder”, IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems, December 2024 (Early Access). 
53. Nissar M, Subudhi BN, Mishra AK, and Vinit J, “NICASU: Neurotransmitter Inspired Cognitive AI Architecture for Surveillance Underwater”, IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence, Nov 2024.
54. Nissar M, Mishra AK, and Subudhi BN, “Dual Stream Encoder–Decoder Architecture with Feature Fusion Model for Underwater Object Detection”, Mathematics, Vol.12, No. 20, October 2024. (IF: 2.3)
55. Sharma S, Mishra AK, Kumar MH, Deka K, and Bhatia V, ”IRS-Enhanced Cooperative NOMA: A Contemporary Review”, IEEE Access, May 2024. (IF: 3.4)
56. Nel H, Mishra AK, “EcoSonicML: Harnessing Machine Learning for Biodiversity Monitoring in South African Wetlands”, Springer Nature Computer Science, May 2024.
57. Zloblinsky N, Mishra, and Lysko AA, “Spectrum Sensing and SINR Estimation in IEEE 802.11s Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks with Heterogeneous Interference”, IEEE Transaction on Wireless Communications, April 2024. (IF: 10.4)
58. Barrett T, and Mishra AK, “Statistical Study of Sensor Data and Investigation of ML-Based Calibration Algorithms for Inexpensive Sensor Modules: Experiments From Cape Point”, IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, March 2024. (IF: 5.6)
59. Mishra VK, and Mishra AK, “Mapping Phytoplankton and Algal Blooms With a Novel Multisensor Water Index”, IEEE JSTAR, March 2024. (IF: 5.5)
60. Baghel A, Parihar AS, Bhatia V, Choi K and Mishra AK, “On Joint Impact of HPA Non-Linearity and Imperfect SIC in NOMA Enabled HCN Using Stochastic Geometry”, IEEE Transaction on Vehicular Technology, January 2024.(IF: 6.8)
61. Bisen S, Jose J, Bhatia V, Mishra AK and Choi K, “Hybrid Backscatter NOMA Under Imperfect CSI and Hardware Impairment”, IEEE Communication Letters, September 2023. (IF: 4.1)
62. Kaler N, Bhatia V, and Mishra AK, “Deep learning-based robust analysis of laser bio-speckle data for detection of fungal-infected soybean seeds”, IEEE Access, 2023 (IF: 3.36).
63. Molope M, and Mishra AK, “Design of a Low-Cost and Configurable Radar for Border Security”, IEEE AES Magazine, March 2023. (IF: 2.9)
64. Jordan D, Paine S, Mishra AK and Pidanic J, “Road to Repair (R2R): An Afrocentric Sensor-based Solution to Enhanced Road Maintenance”, IEEE Access, 2022 (Accepted; IF: 3.36)
65. Maurya H, Bhattacharya A, Mishra AK, and Panigrahi R, “Hybrid Three-Component Scattering Power Characterization from Polarimetric SAR Data Isolating Dominant Scattering Mechanisms”, in IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, October 2022. (IF: 8.12)
66. Juryca K, Pedantic J, Mishra AK, Moric Z, and Sedivy P, “Wind Turbine Micro-Doppler Prediction using Unscented Kalman Filter”, IEEE Access, 2022 (Early Access; IF: 3.36)
67. Mafukidze HD, Mishra AK, Pedantic J and Francois WPS, “Scattering Centers to Point Clouds: A Review of mmWave Radars for Non-Radar-Engineers”, IEEE Access, 2022 (Early Access; IF: 3.36)
68. Matlala K, Mishra AK and Puthal D, “ Detection and Analysis of Molten Aluminum Cleanliness Using a Pulsed Ultrasound System”, Sustainability (IF: 3.8; Final Review)
69. Mahlaba J, Mishra AK, Puthal D, and Sharma PK, “Blockchain-based Sensitive Document Storage to Mitigate Corruptions”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management (Early Access; IF: 2.81)
70. Natasha Zlobinsky, David L Johnson, Amit K Mishra, and Albert A Lysko, “Comparison of metaheuristic algorithms for interface-constrained channel assignment in a hybrid Dynamic Spectrum Access – Wi-Fi infrastructure WMN”,  IEEE Access, (March-2022; ISI IF: 3.36)
71. Tshaai DC, Mishra AK, and Pidanic J, “Demonstration of Smart Railway Level Crossing Design and Validation Using Data from Metro Rail, South Africa”, Journal of Advanced Transportation, February 2022 (ISI IF: 2.419)
72. Mishra AK, “AI4R2R (AI for Rock to Revenue): A Review of the Application of AI in Mineral Processing”, Minerals October 2021 (ISI IF: 2.644).
73. Anthony T, Mishra AK, Stassen W, and Son J, “The feasibility of using machine learning to classify calls to South African emergency dispatch centers according to prehospital diagnosis, by utilizing caller descriptions of the incident”, Healthcare, (9-9) 2021 (ISI IF: 2.64)
74. Singh UK, Mitra R, Bhatia V, and Mishra AK, “Kernel Minimum Error Entropy-Based Estimator for MIMO Radar in Non-Gaussian Clutter”, IEEE Access, (Sept-2021; ISI IF: 3.36)
75. Puthal D, Mishra AK, and Sharma S, “AI-Driven Security Solutions for the Internet of Everything”, IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, 10-5, 2021 (ISI IF: 4.01)
76. Sharma P, Agarwal A, Bhatia V, Prakash S, and Mishra AK, “Quantum Key Distribution Secured Optical Networks: A Survey”, IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, (Early Access) August 2021.
77. Puthal D, Mishra AK, and Sharma S, “AI-Driven Security Solutions for the Internet of Everything”, Consumer Electronics Magazine, 2021, 10-5 (ISI IF: 4.0)
78. Remmelzwaal LA, Mishra AK and Ellis GFR, “Brain-inspired Distributed Cognitive Architecture”, Cognitive Systems Research, 2021; vol; 66 (ISI IF: 1.9)       
79. R. Andersson, W. Tagesson, and R. Ali, “Assessing Wi-Fi Fingerprinting for Improved Indoor Positioning in Campus Settings: A Swedish University Example,” in Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Comput. Commun. Netw. (ICCCN 2024), vol. 1, A. Kumar, A. Swaroop, and P. Shukla, Eds., Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Singapore: Springer, 2025, pp. 449–460.
80. A. Rehman, F. B. Hussain, R. Ali, H. J. Hadi, and N. Ahmad, “Enhancing Wi-Fi 6 Spectrum Access Control with a Heuristic OFDMA Back-Off Mechanism,” Results in Engineering, p. 105086, 2025.
81. Shahzad, R. Ali, A. Haider and H. S. Kim, "RS-RLNC: A Reinforcement Learning-Based Selective Random Linear Network Coding Framework for Tactile Internet," IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 141277-141288, 2023 (DOI link).
82. A. Rehman, F. B. Hussain, R. Ali and T. Khurshaid, "Collision-Based Up-Link OFDMA Random Access Mechanism for Wi-Fi 6," IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 117094-117109, 2023 (DOI link).
83. M. A. Naeem, Y. B. Zikria, R. Ali, U. Tariq, Y. Meng, and A. K. Bashir, “Cache in Fog Computing design, concepts, contributions, and security issues in Machine Learning perspective” Digital Communications and Networks, Vol. 9, Issue 5, pp. 1033-1052, October 2023 (DOI link).
84. Shahzad, R. Ali, A. Haider and H. S. Kim, "Learning-Based Adaptive Sliding-Window RLNC for High Bandwidth-Delay Product Networks," IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 78835-78844, 2023 (DOI link).
85. M. Z. Islam, Shahzad, R. Ali, A. Haider, and H. S. Kim, “Reinforcement Learning-aided Edge Intelligence Framework for Delay-Sensitive Industrial Applications,” Sensors, vol. 22, no. 20, pp. 8001, 2022 (DOI link).
86. R. Ali and H. S. Kim, “Applied Mathematics for 5th Generation (5G) and beyond Communication Systems,” Special issue collections in Mathematics, vol. 10, no. 16, pp. 2946, 2022 (DOI link).
87. M. Z. Islam, R. Ali, A. Haider, and H. S. Kim, “QoS Provisioning: Key Drivers and Enablers Toward the Tactile Internet in Beyond 5G Era,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 85720 - 85754, 10 Aug. 2022 (DOI link).
88. A. Musaddiq, R. Ali, S. W. Kim, and D. Kim, “Learning-based resource management for low-power and lossy IoT networks,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 9, no. 17, pp. 16006 – 16016, 1st Sept. 2022 (DOI link).
89. J. Tanveer, Shahzad, A. Haider, R. Ali, and A. Kim, “Machine Learning for Physical Layer in 5G and beyond Wireless Networks: A Survey,” Electronics, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 121, 2022 (DOI link).
90. J. Tanveer, Shahzad, A. Haider, R. Ali, and A. Kim, “An Overview of Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Handover Management in 5G Ultra-dense Small Cell Networks,” Applied Sciences, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 426, 2022 (DOI link).
91. A. O. Almagrabi, R. Ali, D. Alghazzawi, A. AlBarakati, and T. Khurshaid, “A Reinforcement Learning-Based Framework for Crowdsourcing in Massive Health Care Internet of Things,” Big Data, vol. 10, no. 2, 2022 (DOI link).
92. M. Z. Islam, Shahzad, R. Ali, A. Haider, and H. S. Kim “IoTactileSim: A Virtual Testbed for Tactile Industrial Internet of Things Services,” Sensors, vol. 21, no. 24, pp. 8363, 2021 (DOI link).
93. A. Nauman, M. A. Jamshed, Y. A. Qadri, R. Ali and S. W. Kim, “Reliability Optimization in Narrowband Device-to-Device Communication for 5G and Beyond-5G Networks,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 157584-157596, 2021 (DOI link).
94. M. Z. Islam, R. Ali, A. Haider, Md. Z. Islam and H. S. Kim, “PAKES: A Reinforcement Learning-Based Personalized Adaptability Knowledge Extraction Strategy for Adaptive Learning Systems,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 155123-155137, 2021 (DOI link).
95. M. A. Naeem, R. Ullah, Y. Meng, R. Ali, and B. Lodhi, “Caching Content on the Network Layer: A Performance Analysis of Caching Schemes in ICN-based Internet of Things,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 9, no. 9, pp. 6477-6495, 08 Sept. 2021 (DOI link).
96. H. Ahmad, M. Z. Islam, R. Ali, A. Haider, and H. S. Kim, “Intelligent Stretch Optimization for URLLC services in Multi-Access Edge Computing-Based Tactile Internet Applications,” Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 16, pp. 7351, 2021 (DOI link).
97. M. Faheem, R. A. Butt, R. Ali, B. Raza, Md. A. Ngadi, and V. C. Gungor, “CBI4.0: A Cross-layer Approach for Big Data Gathering for Active Monitoring and Maintenance in the Manufacturing Industry 4.0,” Journal of Industrial Information Integration, vol. 24, pp. 100236, 2021 (DOI link).
98. R. Ali, Y. B. Zikria, A. K. Bashir, and H. S. Kim, “A Federated Reinforcement Learning Framework for Incumbent Technologies in Beyond 5G Networks,” IEEE Networks, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 152-159, July/August 2021 (DOI link).
99. A. O. Almagrabi, R. Ali, Y. D. Al-Otaibi, H. M. Oqaibi, and T. Khurshaid, “Sliding Group Window with Rebacking off for Collision Avoidance in High-Efficiency Wireless Networks,” Mathematics, vol. 9, no. 19, 2021 (DOI link).
100. M. Junaid, A. Sohail, F. A. Turjman, and R. Ali, “Agile Support Vector Machine for Energy-efficient Resource Allocation in IoT-oriented Cloud,” ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 1-35, 2021 (DOI link).
101. A. Nauman, M. A. Jamshed, R. Ali, A. Mamoun, and S. W. Kim, “Reinforcement learning-enabled Intelligent Device-to-Device (I-D2D) communication in Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT),” Computer Communications, vol. 176, no. 1, pp. 13-22, August 2021 (DOI link).
102. M. A. Naeem, Tu Nguyen, R. Ali, K. Cengiz, Y. Meng, and T. Khurshaid “Hybrid Cache Management in IoT-based Named Data Networking,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 9, no. 10, pp. 7140-7150, 23 April 2021 (DOI link).
103. R. Ali, Y. B. Zikria, A. K. Bashir, S. Garg, and H. S. Kim, “URLLC for 5G and Beyond: Requirements, Enabling Incumbent Technologies and Network Intelligence,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp.  67064-67095, 16 April 2021 (DOI link).
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